Rabu, 09 Mei 2012

How Green Drinks Improve Your Health















    
For the health fanatics, you have probably heard of the term “green drink” and are aware of the benefits. For those who are not in the know, a green drink is a drink that uses vegetables and other green plants that work to make up the lack of nutritional values that are in our diets and help to alkalize the body. A regular use of green drinks will increase energy, reduce infections, reduce yeast and get rid of toxins that are finding themselves in our bodies. You will find yourself waking up earlier in the morning and will no longer have the urge for caffeine or sugar-based products to create a pick-me-up.

You can purchase green drinks in powder form, which is mixed with liquid, some mix this powder in fruit smoothies for a delicious, refreshing morning breakfast or snack. Or you can buy capsules which is ideal for those who are on the go.

Green drinks have 49 green vegetables, grains and whole grasses, in a power drink, that will allow your body to easily digest over 125 minerals, amino acids and vitamins. With this formula being highly rich in nutrients it will alkaline the body by pulling tissue and blood balances, therefore maintaining an increasing strong alkaline function. Dr. Young makes sure that each plant is pulled when they are at their nutritional peak, then every ingredient is concentrated at to make sure that it is at the cleanest and most pure state.

Being so used to foods that are artificially flavored, sweetened and extremely processed, it can take a little while to get use to the natural and rich taste of green drinks. You will find that using these nutritional drinks on a regular basis, you will start to crave the taste of it, which is naturally sweet. This will also happen as your body will become more cleansed by purging the toxins with green drinks.
Some of ingredients that are packed into this green drink include; Kelp, Kamut Grass, Alfalfa Sprouts, Dandelion Greens, White Willow, Rosehips, Broccoli and Kale. So many ingredients that provide so many benefits such as, lowering cholesterol, adding protein, anti-cancer, strengthen blood, improving digestion and immune systems, joint health, mental acuity, improving sore throats and allergies. And the list goes on and on.

Green drinks usually come in either a ¼ lb. or 1 lb. Micro-Fine Powder or 90 Colloidal Capsule. This green drink (or capsule) should be taken four times daily – equaling to four liters of water daily. The scoop equals out to be one teaspoon, which in the beginning, one should only use a half a scoop, then increase to the full serving amount after a week. For the maximum benefits use distilled water or add anywhere from six to eight drops of Prime pH into your water. For some it may be hard to drink four liters of water every day, you can always start with 1 ½ liters slowly moving yourself up to four.
It shouldn’t take too long before you start feeling the effect of the SuperGreens. One day you will find yourself with increased energy, feeling fresh and energized in the morning, and do not be surprised if you start to wake up for the alarm clock goes off. You will notice your overall health will improve and will feel grateful when you are able to ward off illness. You will feel clean, energized, mentally sound and just overall great!


Article Source : 
http://bestbio4life.com/how-green-drinks-improve-your-health/

Dangers Of Diet Soda Include Increased Heart Stroke Risk

Diet soda and salt, two mainstays of many diets have come under scrutiny by researchers who wonder what these things are doing to the body. A bit of unsettling new research suggests the dangers of diet soda may include boosting your heart stroke risk.

A separate study by the same team using data from the same source found that consuming high levels of salt was also associated with a higher stroke risk. In the US stroke comes third in the league table of leading causes of death (with heart disease and cancer in the first two spots) and kills over 137,000 a year.

The diet soda portion of the study saw a significantly increased risk for those who drank the diet versions of beverages, but not for those who drank regular soda.
Earlier work on soda intake found that people who had more than one of these beverages a day (either the regular or diet variety) had a greater chance of developing metabolic syndrome, which is a group of risk factors that up the chances of diabetes and heart disease according to experts.

To evaluate stroke risk in relation to diet soda, researchers looked at the soda drinking habits of just over 2,500 subjects. The participants completed food questionnaires that included information on how much soda they drank, what type it was, and how often they drank it.
During the nine years the participants were followed, 559 people had a vascular event, including both types of strokes – hemorrhagic and those brought on by clots (ischemic stroke).

The research team controlled for stroke risk factors like age, ethnicity, gender, levels of exercise, number of calories, smoking history and alcohol intake and still saw that participants who drank diets sodas every day had a 61% increased risk of stroke compared with those who didn’t drink any soda daily. The team even controlled for metabolic syndrome, those suffering from hardening of the arteries (atherosclerosis) and heart disease history and the link still was strong, though lower, at 48% increased risk of stroke.

The reason for the link between diet drinks and stroke risk remains unknown and the work did not show a cause and effect relationship. The research findings do suggest that drinking lots of diet soda every day might not be the best thing for the body… something to think about while waiting for more research to be done.

They also conducted a separate study that concluded a high level of salt intake was associated with a higher stroke risk. For this work the salt intake of 2,657 participants was examined, and followed for nearly a decade. During follow up, 187 ischemic strokes took place, with subjects who took in over 4,000 milligrams of sodium a day having twice the risk of stroke compared to participants who had less than 1,500 milligrams of salt daily.

The American Heart Association tells us that we should take in a maximum of 1,500 milligrams of sodium a day, while the current Dietary Guidelines for Americans call for intake under 2,300 milligrams daily, with those over 51 years old, or who are part of specific groups such as those who have high blood pressure, kidney disease, diabetes, or are African American advised to stick with 1,500 milligrams.

Your best bet, if you’re concerned about heart stroke risk and the dangers of diet soda is to avoid all forms of soda on a daily basis and keep your salt intake under the recommended allowances. A slip once in a while won’t hurt you, but high, regular daily intakes just might.

Article Source:   
http://bestbio4life.com/dangers-of-diet-soda-include-increased-heart-stroke-risk/

Selasa, 08 Mei 2012

5 Natural Fat Burning Foods

One of the biggest mistakes people make when they try to lose weight is to pack their kitchen with strange, almost food items. Artificial sweeteners, chemical combinations that are called frozen dinners, low fat this and low fat that all lead to an unsustainable lifestyle that wears thin very quickly. What they should do is fill their kitchen with real, natural, fat burning foods that taste great and will become part of a completely new lifestyle.

1 – Raw Nuts
I know, nuts are high in fat, but they are high in the right types of fat. Eating the right fats helps you lose weight. Your body converts these fats into energy much more efficiently and quickly. Make sure the nuts you eat are raw. Your best choices are walnuts, almonds, filberts, Brazil nuts and others that are high in omega 3 fatty acids. Packing a powerful protein boost as well as the right kinds of fats, raw nuts and nut butters are tasty and filling.

2 – Lean Meats
Not only do lean meats help keep you strong and healthy, they provide needed nutrition for building muscle. Eating a lean source of good protein with each meal slows down the insulin reaction that carbohydrates naturally cause. Protein sources should include grass fed meats, organic whole eggs and poultry and wild caught, preferably deep-water fish. Every meal should have a protein component if you want to burn off that fat.

3 – Healthy Fats
The best fat you can consume is coconut oil. Coconut oil is rich in lauric acid; a compound that not only has powerful antiviral and antibacterial properties, it is loaded with medium chain fatty acids that help your body burn extant fat.
Another great fat you should consume is omega 3 fatty acids. In our culture, we eat a lot of unhealthy grains and they are rich in omega 6 fatty acids, causing a terrible imbalance in our bodies. That imbalance leads to chronic inflammation, among other things. Stick to organic butter, olive oil and coconut oil – nothing else. All other fat sources should be coming from your foods.

4 – The Right Carbs
I don’t want to give you the impression that you should never eat any carbohydrates. You need them so that your body can function properly. Just make sure you get your carbs from fruits and vegetables, not refined grains. In fact, the majority of your cabs should come from these sources, not grains at all.
Carbs that aren’t used in short order will get stored as fat, so eat them after you exercise to refuel muscles that have been used. Finally, eat any whole grains in conjunction with a source of protein.

5 – Water
Okay, technically, water isn’t a food, but it is about the only thing you should be drinking anyway. Not only does every cell in your body crave water, water helps flush away the fat that is melting off your body when you do all the right things nutritionally. If you must have some coffee, drink it black or sweeten it with a little bit of stevia, otherwise, stick to water.


Article Source :
http://bestbio4life.com/5-natural-fat-burning-foods/

How To Move On From A Bad Relationship

It has to end. No matter how painful it is, that time is now. Breaking up is never easy. Deciding to end a relationship, no matter how imperfect it is, will always be emotionally and mentally traumatic. In spite of the imperfections, you did share wonderful and intimate times together.

Like what they say, memories are easy to make but are hard to forget and remembering makes it harder to move on. That person you are saying goodbye to has been a part of you. Detaching yourself from him can be very painful and unimaginable. But like everything else in life, think that this too, shall pass and no matter how hard it is to move on, in the end, things will fall into its place.

"Things do happen for a reason" and "What doesn’t kill you can only make you stronger", these clichés are very important to psyche yourself up to move on from a break up. To move on from a bad relationship, you need to remember and do a few things. First, you have got to put it in your head that it is over.

No more hoping, no more fantasizing that he will call you and get back together. Once you get this into your system, allow yourself to cry your heart out. It’s healthy to cry because you are actually saying goodbye to him and to his memories. Aside from crying, expect that you will be very angry at a certain level.

You will be angry at yourself, at him or to your friend who introduced you to him. Again, this is normal but you have to deal with your anger in a healthy way. Some write, while others talk it out with friends. Some engage themselves into work, others take boxing lessons.

My point is you should have a healthy outlet for all your angst. To move on from a break-up, it also helps if you get rid of anything that reminds you of him. This means removing his number in your cellphone, deleting his pictures in your mobile phone gallery and throwing away all those memorabilia he gave you.

Keeping a remembrance from him can only prolong your state of nostalgia. Don’t torture yourself. Also, if you want to move on from a bad relationship, never romanticize your past. Yes, he was a great lover and he was thoughtful at times but snap out of it! Letting all those mushy things get into your head can make you weak and again make you think twice about the break up.

If you want to move on then guard yourself from romanticizing your past. It helps if you jot down the things that you hate about him or the reason why you broke up with him in the first place. Be ruthless and honest, take this note out when you feel weak and had the urge to call him.

How to get over someone who has been with you for a couple of months or years can be depressing but ones you have learned to take care of yourself without him, its not as bad as you think it is. So if you want to move on take good care of yourself.

Eat right, sleep right, dance, sing, go to the gym, and hang out with friends. If you feel good physically, you’ll feel good mentally and emotionally. Don’t be afraid to move on, it may be the greatest gift that you have given yourself.

Article Source:
http://artikel-bahasainggris.blogspot.com/2010/08/how-to-move-on-from-bad-relationship.html

Diet and Effort to Have Offspring

What you eat can affect the sex cells, better known as 'sperm' for men and 'egg' for women. Fertility in touch with what food is in the eating, so do a balanced diet can increase the chances to conceive and produce healthy offspring in the future. You do not have the power to change something that is derivative, but of course you can control what goes into the stomach.

Actual differences in the male reproductive cycle and women is that men produce new sperm every day while women are born with a finite number of eggs and are not renewable in their ovaries. Because the quality of the eggs continued to decrease with age, so women who are aged above 35 years is more difficult to conceive. On the other hand, men face different problems. Their fertility levels are heavily influenced by the quality, quantity and spontaneous movement of their sperm. Usefulness of their reproductive organs, like testis, and epididymis skotrum (located in the vessel), also have an influence.

Lack of food can damage the reproductive system. Zinc, folic acid and calcium, which is a mineral that can be found in food, should always be part of the daily diet to maintain fertility or fertility rates. Consumption is also A, C, E and selenium, which in sufficient quantities to function as antioxidants, to fight free radicals from cigarette, alcohol, drugs and others.

If you want to have offspring, then you need to pay attention to what you eat. If you have not noticed your diet, get started, before it's too late. 


Article Source : 
http://artikel-bahasainggris.blogspot.com/2011/08/diet-and-effort-to-have-offspring.html

Danger of Smoking in the Morning

Smoking in the morning, especially accompanied by a cup of coffee, has become a ritual that hard to break. However, these habits seem to need to be stopped from smoking at the beginning of the day is more dangerous than smoking on the day or night.

Research shows that smoking after waking up would increase the risk of lung cancer, neck and head. "Morning smokers have high levels of nicotine and other toxins from tobacco in his body. They are also more addicted than smokers who refrained from smoking a half hour or so after waking up," said researcher Joshua Muscat of Penn State College of Medicine.

To find out why some smokers get cancer and not, Muscat and his team examined the link between cancer risk is there with the habit of first cigarette in the morning.

The first study involved 4775 patients with lung cancer and 2835 of other smokers without lung cancer. Those who smoke 30 minutes after waking up 1.79 times higher risk of suffering from lung cancer than those who waited more than 60 minutes. Meanwhile, those who smoked 31-60 minutes after waking up had 1.31 times the risk compared to those who wait at least an hour.

The second study involved 1055 people with brain and neck cancer and 795 people who smoked but did not suffer brain and neck cancer. Those who smoked within 30 minutes when you wake up 1.59 times the risk of brain and neck cancer compared with those who waited an hour.

The risk of smokers who smoked 31-60 minutes after waking up 1.42 times than those who wait at least an hour. 


Article Source : 
http://artikel-bahasainggris.blogspot.com/2011/08/danger-of-smoking-in-morning.html
Foods That Cause Acne. Acne is one of the most hated enemy by everyone, especially women. Acne is not including a dangerous disease. But its presence is very annoying, though acne is not harmful but should we treat and handle well.
Acne is caused by clogged pores due to overactive oil glands. Although many medical experts who denied any connection between acne with the food we eat, there's no harm in avoiding some foods that supposedly can trigger acne.

Here are some foods can cause acne:

1. Sugar and Chocolate
Chocolate may be one of the most food trigger acne. Archives of Dermatology published a study which explains that the food has a high Glycemic Index scale, usually in processed carbohydrates such as sugar can cause the appearance of acne due to increased hormone levels.

2. Milk
Some studies show a high milk intake may be associated with the appearance of acne. A Harvard study found that teens who drink milk more than two servings a day are more likely to suffer from severe acne. That is because the increase in growth hormone which causes the sebaceous glands in the skin become clogged.

3. Iodine
Iodine may be one factor in the appearance of acne, such as skin oil glands which can irritate skin that is prone to acne. Iodine can be found in fish and shellfish because sea water contains iodine. In addition other sources comes from iodized salt which is a component of several types of canned food.

4.Caffeine and Alcohol
Caffeine is considered to trigger the appearance of acne because it can affect hormone levels produced by the body. Some sources of caffeine are coffee, tea, soft drinks, and chocolate. In addition, alcohol also causes an increase in hormones, particularly testosterone can cause acne more often.

5. Food Allergy Triggers
Skin problems often arise due to food allergies, especially milk and eggs. Acne appears due to the immune system tries to fight the poison that is felt. An allergist has diagnosed and confirmed the relationship of food allergy with severe acne.

6. Fruit and Vegetable Characteristically Acid
Some fruits and vegetables that are acidic can cause the appearance of acne, such as carrots, cucumbers, oranges, and lettuce. The acidity of the body can cause the appearance of acne, because it should be avoided.

Those are some foods that can trigger the onset of Acne.
 
 
Article Source : 
http://artikel-bahasainggris.blogspot.com/2012/04/foods-that-cause-acne.html

3 Must Read Tips for Improved Horse Photography

Horse Photography Tip #1 - Choosing the right lens length DOES make a difference

Have you been having trouble with your images of horses? Does the horse's head look elongated and silly, and does his body look disproportional? It's possible you are using a lens that is too short.

If you photograph a horse while standing very close and with a short lens, say 28mm or 35 mm or even 50mm, you will get unpleasant results.

The short lens distorts the image. Horses' heads are already long and so are their bodies. If you want a humorous image, then by all means use your short lens close up. But if you want a quality conformation shot, I recommend going to a longer lens. The longer lenses compress the horse's body and head and make a more pleasing representation. I recommend using at least a 100 mm lens and preferably longer, like 200 mm. If you like the flexibility of zoom lenses, one of my favorite lenses for shooting domestic horses is the 70 - 200 zoom.

In summary, to improve your photos of horses, use a longer lens and step back.

Horse Photography Tip #2: Capture Details for a New Point of View!

When you think of equine photography, you may think of a standing horse, or maybe running, and that image could be of the entire horse. But if you want to try something new and different, concentrate on details. Details can be the close up of a horse's eye. Step back and zoom in, and observe what reflects in the eye - is it you or something else in the background? Are the eyelashes in focus? Did you capture the gleam of light in the horse's eye? That will really make your image pop. Tail braided for an exhibition in Spain

Zoom in on a braided mane or a tail, like the photo of this carriage horse from Spain, or zoom in on the feet as they travel. Think about tack and clothing, and get close for a shot of a cowgirl's boot and/or spurs.

Imagine the contour of a horse's body and try to show the details of the curves. Does the horse have spots or splashes of color on his body? How about focusing on an interesting shaped mark? There are no wrong choices, and part of improving your skills as a photographer is trying new things, and looking at your world and what you are photographing in a new way. Focusing on details can help keep your images fresh and exciting.

Horse Photography Tip #3: What time of Day is Best to Take Photos of Horses?

When you are photographing horses and other subjects, take into account the quality and quantity of light on your subject. We see because of light, and we can photograph because there is light. Taking advantage of the best light so that you can improve your photos is important.

Have you noticed that in the middle of the day, shadows are harsh and unflattering? On the other hand, in the early morning and the late afternoon, the light is softer, and just after sunrise and just before sunset is that time we call "magic light" when your subject will glow with the warm tones of the light.

I try to schedule all my shoots either in the early morning or late afternoon. Two hours before and after dawn are the ideal times. If you have trouble getting your subjects out of bed early in the morning, as I occasionally do, try for late afternoon.

If you have to shoot in the middle of the day, find some shade - a tree, the side of the barn, or if it is a cloudy day, the light is diffuse and you can shoot later.

I recommend experimenting with this, and taking photographs at different times of the day. See how the time of day and quality of the light changes your photos. If you pay attention to the light, I promise your photos will improve.


Article Source:
http://artikel-bahasainggris.blogspot.com/2010/10/3-must-read-tips-for-improved-horse.html

What Is MP3

Invented in 1991, MPEG (Motion Picture Experts Group) Layer 3 – file type better known under the name of mp3 – remarked itself in less than 10 months from the launch as the most performing audio format on the web. And it is no wonder: the sound is excellent, Downloads are fats, and the variety of the products available in this format is overwhelming. The huge competition in the online audio war between Real Audio and Shock Wave produced by Macromedia has been step over at once by the new comer.

Mp3 is digital form of compression audio streams that came to life after 15 years of acoustic research. Mp3 can make an audio file up to 12 times smaller than the original file.
Being so small the mp3file still has all the perceptible audio details, giving up only those that the human ear cannot hear.

According to the declaration of engineers from the Fraunhoffer Institute, a pioneer company in the mp3 technology, this system explores the properties of the human ear, trying to maintain the original sound quality, in the boundaries of what is possible. Although it is not as clear as an audio CD, an mp3 still is an enormous realization when it comes to sound quality for such a big compression rate.
Another huge advantage the mp3 format represents is the stocking capacity. Five minutes of music on a CD take up about 40 MB, but if they were in mp3 format they could take only 3, 5 MB.
For some, the Mp3s are a dream come true, for others the worst nightmare. In the confusion caused by technological revolution, we still cannot afford not to know what is legal and what is not. Recording companies have suffered great losses because of this format.

It is very simple to create and distribute mp3s. But this does not mean you have to give them to others unless you have the right to do that. It is legal to make mp3s out of an audio CD you bought, but it is illegal to give someone copies of those mp3s.

Referensi : 
http://teksartikelbahasainggris.com/tag/artikel-bahasa-inggris-tentang-musik/

Got Kids Can Make Healthy

Baby is a beautiful gift given by God. Almost every married couple must have longed for the presence of the baby. However, in some situations, there are some couples who deliberately delaying to have a baby. But, you know that the baby's presence will make your life healthier.

Here are some health benefits that you can get with the presence of a baby in the middle of your life:

1. Lowering your blood pressure
A new study from Brigham Young University found that becoming a parent can help you lower your blood pressure. Researchers studied 200 couples who had been married to monitor blood pressure for 24 hours. The result, found that couples who have children, her blood pressure will be significantly lower than those without offspring.

2. Mental Health
According to a growing confidence in today's society, children often make parents become stressed due to their mischievous behavior. However, the results of research in the Mental Health Foundation, Taiwan, showed the presence of the child's parents will only make it look more mentally healthy. A new organization has interviewed 1084 randomly selected families, and found that the mental health of families with no children 6.4 points lower than those with children.

"The results show that people who have children are happier and have greater emotional satisfaction than those who do not have children," said Tom Yang, a researcher of the study.

3. Updating knowledge
Anyone with children can prove that the words are often spoken of a child is "why." Children are basically always have a great curiosity, such as, "Why do cats' eyes shine at night?" "Why smell so fresh after the rain, "and so forth.

As a parent, you should certainly be able to answer any questions posed little one with a reasonable answer. Indirectly, you have been directed to polish their knowledge with re-learn something.

4. Child as an excuse
Many single men who often complain that their friends who are married and have children is very difficult to be invited to hang out. This happens because most parents use their children as an excuse to shy away from social activities that are not desirable.

5. Improving self-esteem
Anyone who has a child will feel proud and satisfied when his son gave a positive speech, for example, "You are the best dad in the whole world". Remarks such as this will certainly have a profound effect on your self-esteem as a parent. This allows you to complete all forms of work, which according to your estimates were previously impossible, possible.

6. Happier
The parents have long assumed that an offspring will make them much happier. Recently, there is a study that supports the claim. A study by the Max Planck Institute for Demographic found a direct correlation between the presence of children and the happiness of parents over the age of 40 years.

Researchers surveyed 200,000 people in 86 countries between 1981 and 2005 and found that at age 40, parents with 1-3 children feel a lot happier than couples with no children. Even when the age of 50 years, parents who have children will be happier than couples without children. This finding is not surprising. The reason, most parents will be easier to care for children when they grow up. 


ref : 
http://artikel-bahasainggris.blogspot.com/2011/08/got-kids-can-make-healthy.html

School to Japan Without Learn Japanese Language

Asia Pacific University (APU) provides scholarships for foreign students to undergo studies in of Sakura. This scholarship is awarded for a maximum of 4 years (until graduation) and no ties whatsoever. Scholarship selection process incoming and APU based on the quality of documents submitted, without the written tests or interviews. In addition, the APU uses English as an introduction to learning. So, you do not need to learn Japanese first. Interested?

Scholarships are awarded APU includes only 124 credits over four years for freshmen (first year student), 94 credits for 3 years for second-year transfer student (second year transfer student), and 62 credits for 2 years for a third year transfer student ( third year transfer student).

This scholarship program does not apply if the student takes additional credits, or decide to study more than 4 years.

Well, there are several scholarship options, namely Pre-Enrollment scholarship that covers 100 percent of the scholarship program, scholarship programs 80 percent, 65 percent of the scholarship program, scholarship program by 50 percent, 30 percent scholarship, and Honor Scholarship.

100 percent for the scholarship program, all tuition fees paid by the university, without the cost of tickets and living expenses. Similarly, 80 percent of the program, pays 80 percent of university tuition fees and so on. Meanwhile, Honor Scholarship is a scholarship granted by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology valued at 600,000 yen per year. Students only pay 130,000 yen entrance fee, airfare, and tuition 1200000-1375000 yen per year and the cost of living, and can be combined with other APU scholarships.

There are also Scholarships Post-enrollment, ie internal scholarships to students who have been in Japan, achievement and meet the requirements. In addition, there are external scholarships are awarded to international students, and 19 kinds of scholarships are awarded for those who have student visas.

For enrollment to April 2012, application deadline 30 September 2011 and the regular application deadline November 30, 2011. For enrollment September 2012, application deadline January 31, 2012, the regular application deadline March 31, 2012. 


referensi :
http://artikel-bahasainggris.blogspot.com/2011/08/school-to-japan-without-learn-japanese.html

Vitamins D and the Diet


Vitamin D helps bones and muscles grow strong and healthy. Low levels of vitamin D can lead to problems like rickets and osteoporosis. Rickets is a deformity mainly found in children. Osteoporosis is the thinning of bone, a common problem as people, especially women, get older.

Studies in recent years have suggested that vitamin D may also have other uses. Studies have shown that low levels of D may increase the risk of heart attacks in men and deaths from some cancers. Other studies have shown that people with rheumatic diseases often have low levels of D.
The easiest way to get vitamin D is from sunlight. The ultraviolet rays react with skin cells to produce the vitamin. But many people worry about skin cancer and skin damage from the sun.
Also, darker skinned people produce less vitamin D than lighter skinned people. Production also decreases in older people and those living in northern areas that get less sunlight.
Not many foods naturally contain vitamin D. Foods with high levels include oily fish such as salmon, tuna and mackerel, and fish liver oils. Boston University researchers reported in two thousand seven that farmed salmon had a lot less vitamin D than wild salmon.
Small amounts of D are found in beef liver, cheese and egg yolks. And some people take dietary supplements containing the vitamin. But most of the D in the American diet comes from foods like milk with the vitamin added.

These days, more doctors are testing for vitamin D levels in their patients. But as research continues, some experts worry that if people take too much D, it might act as a poison. Also, skin doctors warn people to be careful with sun exposure.

How much vitamin D does a healthy person need? Nutrition experts who advise the American government set the current recommendations in nineteen ninety-seven. The daily amount is two hundred international units from birth through age fifty. Then it rises to four hundred I.U.s through age seventy, and six hundred for those seventy-one and older. But some groups say these amounts are not high enough.
The nutrition experts are taking another look at how much vitamin D and calcium people should get. The Institute of Medicine of the National Academies expects to release a report by this coming May.

Relative Clause

Tugas Bahasa Inggris Bussiness 2


Relative Clause adalah bagian dari kalimat (anak kalimat) yang memberi keterangan pada orang atau benda yang mendahuluinya. Istilah Relative Clause sama dengan Adjective Clause. Disebut Adjective Clause karena dia menerangkan benda atau orang yang mendahuluinya. Disebut Relative Clause karena dia menghubungkan (me-relate) benda atau orang tersebut dengan frasa di belakangnya. Relative Clause diawali dengan kata penghubung who, whom, whose, which, that, dengan fungsi sebagai berikut

Who: menerangkan orang sebagai subject
Whom: menerangkan kan orang sebagai object (menggantikan me, you, us, him, her,
them, it)
Whose:menerangkan orang sebagai pemilik (menggantikan my, your, our, his, her, their,
its)
Which: menerangkan benda sebagai subject maupun object
That menerangkan orang atau benda baik sebagai subject maupun object

Contoh:
Orang atau benda yang bergaris bawah pada kalimat sebelah kiri adalah sama dengan kata ganti orang atau benda yang bergaris bawah dalam kalimat sebelah kanan.Kata penghubung dibuat berdasarkan kata ganti orang atau benda dalam kalimat di sebelah kanan.

1. The fisherman gave us some tunas. He caught a lot of tunas.
--The fisherman who caught a lot of tunas gave us some. (
subjek)
2. The farmer was away on holiday. I wanted to see him.
--The farmer whom I wanted to see was away on holiday. (
objek)
3. The woman asked me. Her bike was lost.
--The woman whose bike was lost asked me. (
pemilik)


WHERE TO PUT THE PREPOSITION IN A RELATIVE CLAUSE

There are often prepositions in relative clauses, and the relative pronoun is the object of the preposition. This means that the preposition can sometimes be omitted.

The preposition is normally placed at the end of the relative clause:

* Is that the man (who) you arrived with?
* Do you know the girl (that) John is talking to?

In formal or written English, the preposition is often placed before the relative pronoun, and in this case the pronoun cannot be omitted:

* The person with whom he is negotiating is the Chairman of a large company.
* It is a society to which many important people belong.

However, this is unusual in spoken English.

Examples

* The jungle the tribe lived in was full of strange and unusual animals.
* He liked the people that he lived with.
* The tree under which they had their picnic was the largest and oldest in the park.
* To the east of the city was a lake that many people went to on the weekend.
* It was the river in which the children preferred to swim.

How to form relative clauses; DEFINING RELATIVE CLAUSES

As the name suggests, these clauses give essential information to define or identify the person or thing we are talking about. Obviously, this is only necessary if there is more than one person or thing involved.


Example

* Dogs that like cats are very unusual.

In this sentence we understand that there are many dogs, but it is clear that we are only talking about the ones that like cats.

Punctuation

* Commas are not used in defining relative clauses.
 

Relative pronouns

The following relative pronouns are used in defining relative clauses:


Person:

Subject ; who/that

Object ; who/whom/that

Possessive ; whose


Thing

Subject ; which/that

Object ; which/that/

Possessive ; whose


Place

Object ; where


Time

Object ; when


Reason

Object ; why


Notes:

1. The relative pronoun stands in place of a noun.

This noun usually appears earlier in the sentence:

The woman ; Noun, subject of main clause

who/that ; relative pronoun referring to 'the woman', subject of 'spoke'

spoke at the meeting ; verb + rest of relative clause

was very knowledgeable. ; verb + rest of main clause


2. Who, whom and which can be replaced by that. This is very common in spoken English.
3. The relative pronoun can be omitted when it is the object of the clause

The woman ; Noun, subject of main clause

that ; relative pronoun, referring to 'the woman', object of 'loved'

the man loved ; verb + rest of relative clause

was living in New York ; verb + rest of main clause

(You can usually decide whether a relative pronoun is an object because it is normally followed by another subject + verb.)

4. Whose is used for things as well as for people.


Examples

* The man whose car was stolen.
* A tree whose leaves have fallen.


5. Whom is very formal and is only used in written English. You can use who/that, or omit the pronoun completely :

* The doctor whom/who/that/ I was hoping to see wasn't on duty.

6. That normally follows words like something, anything, everything, nothing, all, and superlatives.


Examples

* There's something that you should know.
* It was the best film that I've ever seen.
* A clown is someone who makes you laugh.
* An elephant is an animal that lives in hot countries.
* The plums that were in the fridge were delicious. I have eaten them.
* Where are the plums (that) I put in the fridge?
* Has anyone seen the book I was reading?
* Nothing that anyone does can replace my lost bag.
* Let's go to a country where the sun always shines.
* They live in the house whose roof is full of holes.

 
Berdasarkan pada the Antecedent yang ditunjuk oleh introductory words (kata-kata pendahulunya), Adjective Clause dapat diklasifikasikan menjadi 2 macam, yaitu:
  
A. Relative Pronoun

• Kata Ganti Orang 
Kata Penghubung yang digunakan adalah : Who, Whom, Whose, That
Fungsi :
 a. Subjek:
 - He paid the money to the man who / that had done the work
 b. Objek Kata Kerja:
  - He paid the man whom/that he had hired.
c. Objek Kata Depan:
  - He paid the man from whom he had borrowed the money.
 d. Kata Ganti Kepunyaan
 - This is the girl whose picture you saw.

• Benda, Binatang
Kata Penghubung yang digunakan adalah: Which, that
Fungsi :
 a. Subjek:
- Here is a book which/that describes animals.
b. Objek Kata Kerja:
- The chair which/that he broke is being repaired.
c. Objek Kata Depan:
- She was wearing the coat for which she had paid $2,00.

A1. Relative Pronoun

Yaitu Adjective Clause dengan memakai kata penghubung Relative Pronoun.
• The boy is called Bob. He gave me a present.
○ The boy who gave me a present is called Bob. atau
○ The boy who is called Bob gave me a present.
Beberapa contoh Adjective Clause lainnya:
• The boy whose radio was stolen is a student.
• The girl whom I gave a special reward is a bright student.
• The bike which I borrowed last week was sold.

B. Relative Adverbs

• Waktu
Kata Penghubung yang digunakan: when
- This is the year when the Olympic Games are held.
• Tempat
Kata Penghubung yang digunakan: where
- Here is the house where I live.
• Alasan
Kata Penghubung yang digunakan: when
- Give me one good reason why you did that.

B2. Relative Adverb

Pelajaran tentang ini dibahas lebih lengkap pada Relative Clause. Hal-hal yang perlu ditambahkan di sini, yaitu:

• Kata Why (yang menunjukkan alasan) yang menjadi Adverb penghubung, mungkin (kadang-kadang) dapat
digantikan dengan that atau kadang-kadang dapat dihilangkan dalam kalimat.
- The reason (that) I came should be obvious to you.
- The reason (why) I came should be obvious to you.
- The reason I came should be obvious to you.

• When atau Where Bering dapat Baling ditukarkan dengan Preposition yang menunjukkan tempat (a preposition
of Place) ditambah dengan Which.
- The small town in which (= where) I was born has grown to a large metropolis.
- The day on which (= when) they were to leave finally arrived. 


Beberapa Hal Penting yang Berkaitan dengan Adjective Clause

1. Perubahan dari Adjective Clause menjadi Adjective Phrase.

Adjective Clause dapat dirubah menjadi Adjective Phrase yang menjelaskan noun tanpa ada
perubahan arti kalimat.
Hanya Adjective Clause yang mempunyai subjek pronoun: who, which atau that yang dapat dirubah
menjadi Adjective Phrase.
Adjective Clause dengan subjek: whom tidak dapat dirubah menjadi Adjective Phrase.

Perhatikan Contoh berikut:
a. Adjective Clause
• The girl who is sitting next to me is Lisa.
• The boy is playing the piano is Bent.

b. Adjective Phrase
• The girl sitting next to me is Lisa.
• The boy playing the piano is Bent.

2. Cara mengubah Adjective Clause menjadi Adjective Phrase.

a. Subjek pronoun dan verb be dihilangkan.
Adjective Clause:       The man who is talking to Taylor is from Japan.
Adjective Phrase:       The man talking to Taylor is from Japan.
                                                                                                                                              
Adjective Clause:       The ideas which are presented in that book are interesting.
Adjective Phrase:       The ideas          
presented in that book are interesting.
                                                                                                                                              
Adjective Clause:       Ali is the man who is responsible for preparing the budget.
Adjective Phrase:       Ali is the man       
responsible for preparing the budget.
                                                                                                                                              
Adjective Clause: The books that are on the shelf are mine.
Adjective Phrase: The books – ' – on the shelf are mine.

b. Jika tidak ada verb be dalam Adjective Clause, seringkali subjek pronoun dapat dihilangkan dan
mengubah kata kerja dalam Clause itu menjadi bentuk -ing
Adjective Clause:       English has an alphabet that consists of 26 letters.
Adjective Phrase:       English has an alphabet – consisting of 26 letters.
                                                                                                                                              
Adjective Clause:       Anyone who wants to come with us is welcome.
Adjective Phrase:       Anyone – wanting to come with us is welcome.

3.  Seringkali Adjective Clause digunakan dalam pola: noun + of which. Pola ini terutama digunakan untuk tulisan bahasa Inggris resmi (formal written English). Dalam pola ini biasanya Adjective Clause menerangkan "sesuatu". 

Contoh:
# We have an antique table. The top of it has jade inlay.
We have an antique table, the top of which has jade inlay.
# We toured a 300-year-old house. The exterior of the house consisted of logs cemented with clay.
We toured a 300-year-old house, the exterior of which consisted of logs cemented with lay.

Ada 2 macam perbedaan yang penting antara dua jenis Clause tersebut: perhatikan contoh berikut ini:

1.  Adjective Clause biasanya didahului oleh noun atau pronoun yang diterangkan.
Adjective Clause
I know the house where he lives.
(where he lives mempunyai antecedent the house, yang merupakan objek dari kata
know) 
Noun Clause
I know where he lives. 
(where he lives adalah objek dari kata know)

2. Preposisi yang mendahului introductory word adalah milik Adjective Clause dan bukan milik Noun
Clause.

Adjective Clause
The woman to whom he has been giving money is a poor relative of his. (Adjective Clause dimulai dengan to yang merupakan bentuk a prepositional phrase dengan  whom dalam Adjective Clause itu. Dan To dapat diletakkan di bagian belakang Adjective Clause. The woman, whom he has been giving money to, is a poor relative of his.

Noun Clause
He gives money to whoever needs it. (The Noun Clause dimulai dengan whoever, seluruh Noun Clause itu adalah objek dari to, yang tidak dapat dipindah letaknya.


Questions and Answers of the excercises :

Q 1. I talked to the woman she was sitting next to me

A 1. I talked to the woman who was sitting next to me 


Q 2. I have a class it begins at 08.00 Am

A 2. I have a class which begins at 08.00 Am


Q 3. The man called the police his car was stolen

A 3. The man whose car was stolen called the police


Q 4. The building is very old he lives there

A 4. The building where he lives is very old


Q 5. The woman was ms Silvy I saw her

A 5. The woman whom I saw was ms Silvy

Article Containing Adjective Clauses

Computer Graphics
The first implementation of such systems supporting what we might recognize as a computer graphics system can be found in 1950, when MIT’s Whirlwind computer system was used to support a refreshed vector screen for display of graphics. This system can be considered a first-generation computer, running with vacuum tubes and consuming considerable space and power. Limitations in the interfaces as well as costeffective access to computational systems meant that it was not until 1963 that Ivan E. Sutherland presented Sketchpad, the first full-fledged, operational computer-aided design system. This system ran on second-generation TX-2 computers, using transistors for computation, and refreshed vector displays and light pen for the user interface. Several other implementations of computer graphic systems were developed in academic settings during the early 1960s, leading to the conference “Architecture and the Computer” in 1964.
In late 1964 IBM demonstrated their DAC-1 system to support graphic interaction in automobile design. From the introduction of this system came increasing use of interactive computer-aided design systems by automobile and aerospace firms, so that by end of the 1960s, commercial use of computer graphics was proven, although only in applications that supported high-cost factors. The first computer graphic tool specifically for architectural application was ARK-2, introduced in the early 1970s. General use of computers in architectural design had to wait until the early 1980s, when computer systems had reduced in cost by a factor yet again to make it feasible for large practices to purchase workstations.

Referensi :

http://ns2.jogjakota.go.id/arsip.php?pelajaran=&kelas=9&kriteria=&page=57